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Website of the Office of Grand Ayatullah Saanei :: The Elements of Prayer

Introducton of the Book
Translator’s Preface
categories of Islamic laws
Ijtihad (Rule Deduction) and Taquleed (Imitation)
- The Difference between Ihtiyat-ul-Wajib (obligatory precaution) And Ihtiyat-ul-Mustahab (recommended precaution)
- Signs of Puberty
Rules of Purity and Impurity (Tahaarat and Nijaasat)
- Rules Which Must Be Observed While Relieving Oneself (Takhallee)
- Istibra' (Confirmation of Emptiness)
- Purity (Tahaarat)
- Impurities (Nijaasaat)
- Ways to Prove Impurity
- How a Pure Thing Becomes Impure
- Mutahiraat (Purifiers)
- Rules of Water
  - Qualeel (Under-Kurr) Water
  - Kurr, Running, Well and Rain Water
- How to Purify Impurities with Water
- Removal of the Original Impurity (Najis-ul-Ayn)
- Istihalah (transformation)
- Intiqual (Transfer)
- Rules of Utensils
Ablutions (Wudhu)
- How to perform Wudhu
- Conditions of Wudhu
- The Explanation of the Conditions of Wudhu
- Jabeerah Wudhu
- Things for Which Wudhu Is Obligatory
- How Wudhu Becomes Void
- Rules Concerning the Holy Quran
- Touching the Scripts of the Holy Quran
Ghusl (Ritual Bathing)
- Conditions under Which Ghusl Is Valid
- Obligatory Ghusls
  - Rules of Janabah Ghusl
  - Things Which Are Forbidden for a Junub Person
Rules Related to a Dying Person
- Rules to be followed after the death of a Muslim
  - Mayyit Ghusl (Ghusl for a dead body)
  - Ghusl for Touching a Dead Body
- Rules Regarding Shroud
- Rules of Hunut (Embalmment)
- Rules of Prayer for the Dead
- How to Say the Prayer for the Dead
- Rules of Burial
- Prayer of Fear (Wahshat Prayer)
- Exhumation (Nabsh-ul-Quabr)
- Ghusls for Girls and Women
Tayammum (Dry Ablution)
- Instructions on Tayammum
- Things on which Tayammum Is Valid
- Rules of Tayammum
Prayer
- Types of prayer
- Obligatory Prayers
- Obligatory Daily Prayers
- Time for Daily Prayers
  - Time for Midday and Afternoon Prayers
  - Time for Sunset and Evening Prayers
- Rules Regarding the Time of Prayers
  - Prayers Which Must Be Offered In Sequence
- Rules of the Quiblah
- Covering the Body in Prayers
- Body and Covering While Offering Prayers
  - 1- It must be pure.
  - 2- It must be Mubah, i.e., not usurped.
  - 3- It must not be made of the parts of the body of a dead animal.
  - 4- It must not be made of the parts of the body of the animals whose meat is illegal to eat. For example, it must not be made of the skin of a fox or a leopard.
  - 5- A man must not wear gold-woven or pure silk clothes while praying.
- Place where Prayer Must Be Offered
- Rules Regarding the Place Where Prayer Is Offered
- Rules of Mosques
- Adhaan (Call to Prayers) and Iquamah (Preparation for Entering Prayers)
- Rules of Adhaan and Iquamah
- Acts of Prayer
- Obligatory acts of Prayer
- The Elements of Prayer
- The Difference between the Elements (Rukn) and Non-elements of Prayer
- Rules regarding the Obligatory Acts of prayers
  - 1-The intention
  - 2- To Pronounce the beginning “Allahu Akbar” (Takbeerat-ul-ihram)
  - 3- Standing Upright
- 4- Recitation
  - Al-Hamd
  - Al-Towheed
  - Tasbeehat-ul-Arba'ah (the Four Remembrances)
- Rules of Quira'at (Recitation)
  - 5- Bowing (Ruku')
  - 6-Prostrations
- Things to Be Done When Usual Prostration Is Not Possible
- The Obligatory Prostrations of the Holy Quran
  - 7- Testimony (Tashahud)
  - 8- Salutation of Prayers (Salaam)
  - 9- Sequence (Tarteeb)
  - 10- Succession (Muwalaat)
- Personal Supplication (Qunut)
- Supplementary Acts Following the Prayers (Ta'queebaat)
- Translation of Prayers
  - 1- Translation of Takbeerat-ul-ihram
  - 2- Translation of Al-Hamd chapter
  - 3- Translation of Al-Ikhlaas chapter (Al-Towheed)
  - 4- Translation of the Remembrance Pronounced in the Bow
  - 5- Translation of the Remembrance Pronounced in Prostrations
  - 6- Translation of the Four Remembrances (Tasbeehat-ul-Arba'ah)
  - 7- Translation of Testimony and Salutation
- Things Which Invalidate Prayers (Mubtilaat)
- Rules regarding the Things which Invalidate Prayers
  - Talking
  - Laughing and Weeping
  - Turning Away From the Quiblah
  - Eating and Drinking
  - Violating the Figure and Form of Prayers
- Some of the Things which are legally disapproved while Praying
  - Doubts Aroused while Praying
  - Doubts over the Parts of Prayers
  - Doubts which Invalidate Prayers
  - Doubts Which Must Be Ignored
- Ihtiyat Prayer (Precautionary Prayer)
  - Table of Correct Doubts
  - Table of Correct Doubts, continued
- Sahv Prostration (Prostration of Inadvertence)
- The Quadha of Forgotten Prostrations and Testimony
- Prayers of a Traveler (Musafir)
- Where is Considered One’s Home?
- The Ten-Day Intention
- Quadha Prayers
- The Quadha Prayers of Parents Obligatory for the Oldest Son
- Hiring a Person for Offering Prayers
- Congregational Prayer
- Rules of Congregational Prayer
- Joining a Congregation
  - Joining in the First Rak'at
  - Joining in the Second Rak'at
  - Joining in the Third Rak'at
  - Joining in the Fourth Rak'at
- Qualifications of the Congregation Leader (the Imam)
- Rules of Congregational Prayer
- Friday Prayer
- How to Perform Friday Prayer
- Conditions of Friday Prayer
- What the Followers Must Do in Friday Prayer
- Ayat" prayer (Prayer of Signs)
- How to Offer Ayat Prayer
- Rules of Ayat Prayer
- Recommended Prayers (Nafilah)
  - Prayers of the Festivals (Eid-ul-Fitr and Eid-ul-Qurbaan)
  - Time for the Prayers of Festivals
  - How to offer the Prayers of Festivals
- Daily Recommended Prayers
- Midnight Recommended Prayers
  - Time for Midnight Recommended Prayers
- Ghufaylah Recommended Prayer
Fasting
- The intention for Fasting
- Things which Invalidate a Fast
- Quadha Fasts and Fast Atonement (Kaffarah)
  - Quadha Fasts
  - Fast Atonement
- Rules of Quadha Fasts and Fast Atonement
- Fasting by a Traveler
- Those for Whom Fasting Is Not Obligatory
- How to Ascertain the Frist Day of a Lunar month
- Forbidden and Legally Disapproved Fasts
- Zakat-ul-Fitra (Zakat-ul-Fitrah)
- Zakat-ul-Fitra (Zakat-ul-Fitrah)
  - The Amount of Zakat-ul-Fitra
- Miscellaneous Rules of the Zakat-ul-Fitra
- Religious Seclusion (I’tikaf)
- Conditions of Religious Seclusion
The One Fifth Levy (Khums)
- Rules of Khums
- Expenditure of Khums
Alms (Zakat)
- Note:
- Rules of Zakat
- Conditions Where Zakat Becomes Obligatory
- The Zakat Payable on Wheat, Barely, Dates, and Raisins
- The Zakat Payable on Gold and Silver
- The Zakat Payable on Camels, Sheep, and Cows
- Those Who Are Entitled to Receive Zakat
- The Intention of Zakat
- Miscellaneous Rules of Zakat
- Zakat Expenditure
Rules of Pilgrimage (Hajj)
Enjoining the Good and Forbidding the Evil
Rules regarding Giving Alms and Charities
- Some Miscellaneous Issues on Alms-giving
- Some Situations in which Charity Is Particularly Regarded
Miscellaneous Issues
- Profane songs and Music
- Dancing and Clapping
- Gambling
- Sculpture and Painting
- Bribery
- Misleading Books
- Authors’ Fees
- Shaving One’s Beard and Hairdressing
- Resemblance to Infidels
- Backbiting
- Slander
- Inquisition
- Lying
- Drugs
- Tormenting the Animals
- Dreaming
Rules of Trading
- Void Transactions
- Canceling a Transaction
Rules of Partnership
Rules Regarding Lease
- Conditions regarding the Property Given on Lease
- Those Who Have No Right of Possession over Their Property
Rules of Mudharabah (Commandite)
Rules Regarding Loan
- Kinds of loan
- Rules of Loan and Debt
- Banks, Trading Cash and Checks
Rules Regarding Surety
Rules Regarding Trust
Rules of Lending and Borrowing
- Lost and Found
- Having One’s Shoes Taken for Other’s
Rules of Marriage
- Defects Due to Which Marriage Can Be Annulled
- Women Forbidden For a Man to Marry
- Rules Regarding Touching and Looking at Non-Mahram and Veiling
Rules Regarding Offspring
- Prevention of Pregnancy
- Circumcision
- Sacrifice Offered for a Newborn Baby (Aquiqah)
- Custody of Children
- Insemination, Abortion, and Sex Change
Ruling on Breastfeeding
Rules Concerning Divorce
- Iddah of Divorce and Death (The waiting period following a divorce or death)
- Irrevocable and Revocable Divorce
- Khula’ Divorce and Mubarat
- Miscellaneous Rules of Divorce
Usurpation
Eating and Drinking
- Eating Etiquette
- Etiquette of Drinking Water
Rules of Slaughtering Animals
- Conditions of Slaughtering Animals
- Rulings on Hunting with Weapons
- Fishing
- Method of Slaughtering a Camel
Rules Concerning Food and Drink
Vow and Covenant
Rulings on Swearing an Oath
Rules regarding Waquf (Endowment)
Rules Regarding Will
Rules Concerning Inheritance
Miscellaneous Issues
- The Holy Imams
- Rules Concerning Governments and Ruling Systems
- Insurance
- Cloning
- Visiting Blood Relatives
- Seeking Divine Guidance (Istikhara)
- Repentance
- Miscellaneous Queries
Glossary

The Elements of Prayer

The intention

The pronunciation of “Allahu Akbar”

The standing upright while pronouncing the beginning “Allahu Akbar” as well as reciting the Al-Hamd and the other chapter before bowing.

The bowing

The prostrations

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